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· City of Battambang |nickname = |settlement_type = City |motto = |image_skyline = Battambang..JPG |imagesize = 280px |image_caption = Road No. 3 near the central market |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = Location of Battambang, Cambodia |pushpin_map =Cambodia |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |coordinates_region = KH |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Battambang |government_footnotes = |government_type = City Municipality |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title =Settled |established_date =11th Century |established_title2 =Official |established_date2 =1907 |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 293 |population_as_of = 2008 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 180853 |population_density_km2 = auto |timezone = Cambodia |utc_offset = +7 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd=13 |latm=06 |lats= |latNS=N |longd=103 |longm=12 |longs= |longEW=E |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 39 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website =(City of Battambang ) |footnotes = }} Battambang ((クメール語:ក្រុងបាត់ដំបង)) or Krong Battambang (, Battambang City) is the capital city of Battambang province in north western Cambodia. Founded in the 11th century by the Khmer Empire, Battambang is well known for being the leading rice-producing province of the country. For nearly 100 years, it was a major commercial hub and provincial capital of Siamese province of Inner Cambodia (1795-1907), though it was always populated by Khmer with a mix of ethnic Vietnamese, Lao, Thai and Chinese. Still today Battambang is the main hub of the Northwest connecting the entire region with Phnom Penh and Thailand, and as such it’s a vital link to Cambodia. The city is situated by the Sangkae River, a tranquil, small body of water that winds its way through Battambang Province providing its nice picturesque setting. As with much of Cambodia, the French Colonial architecture is an attractive bonus of the city. It is home to some of the best preserved French colonial architecture in the country. ==History== Battambang was established as an important trading city with around 2,500 residents in the 18th century. The population was centred along a single road parallel to the Sangkae River (''Stung Sangkae''). In 1795 Siam (modern-day Thailand) annexed much of north western Cambodia including the current provinces of Banteay Meanchey, Battambang, Oddar Meanchey, Pailin,and Siem Reap into the province of Inner Cambodia. The Siamese ruled Battambang as a provincial capital through the Thai-speaking Khmer Aphaiwong family, a branch of the Khmer royal family, which governed for six generations until 1907 when the province was ceded to the French to be reunited with Cambodia as part of the French Indochina colony. Following colonization by the French, an urban layout was developed which resulted in an enlarged French colonial town. This first attempt at modernization resulted in well-defined streets laid in a grid pattern, building of urban structures and three main streets parallel to the Sangkae River, and linking of both banks by the construction of two bridges in 1917. Military and prison facilities were also erected as part of the project. Nineteen years later, a second urban development plan was implemented with a newly constructed railway linking Battambang to Phnom Penh. The urban structures were extended to the west of the town creating urban hubs oriented around the railway station. The large residential villas and public buildings built during this period of French development significantly changed the landscape of the previously remote city. A subsequent third urban development plan for Battambang involved the north, east and south of the city. This vast undertaking, which required long-term planning to integrate all of the previous work, resulted in a modern provincial capital that was by far the most developed region of Cambodia outside of Phnom Penh. Much later, more infrastructure and public facilities were built under the modernization program of the Cambodian government led by Prince Sihanouk. Several provincial departments, a court house and other public buildings were added on both sides of the river. Textile and garment factories were built by French and Chinese investors, the Battambang Airport was constructed, and the railway line was extended to the Thai border at Poipet. To serve the cultural needs of the population, numerous schools and a university were built as well as a sports centre, museum and an exhibition hall. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battambang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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